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15 July 1573. Inigo Jones was born in London. He was a key architecht of London landmarks, including: Queen’s House, the Banqueting House, Whitehall as well as the layout for Covent Garden, which became a model for future developments in the West End of London.

15 July 1799. Rosetta Stone was found in Egyptian village of Rosetta by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard. It’s inscribed with 3 versions of a decree issued in Memphis, Egypt in 196 BC during the Ptolemaic dynasty on behalf of King Ptolemy V Epiphanes.

15 July 1815. Napoleon Bonaparte officially surrendered after his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo on 18 June to the British Royal Navy Captain Lewis Maitland aboard HMS Bellerophon. Napoleon would spend the remaining years of his life in exile on the island of St Helena.

15 July 1834. The last legal remnant of the Spanish Inquisition in the Spanish Empire ended with a Royal Decree signed by Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies. The Inquisition had officially ended on the Spanish mainland in 1820. Either way, no one expected that.

15 July 1910. In his book, Clinical Psychiatry, Emil Kraepelin, one of the best-known German psychiatrists, named Alzheimer’s disease, after his colleague Alois Alzheimer (pictured).

15 July 1919. Acclaimed novelist Iris Murdoch was born in Dublin, Ireland. She’s best known for her novels about sexual relationships, morality and the power of the unconscious. In 2008, The Times ranked her 12th on its list of “The 50 Greatest British Writers since 1945”.

15 July 1927. 89 Social Democrat protesters and 5 policemen were killed in Vienna after the Austrian police force fired into a large crowd. The clash was the result of conflict between the Social Democratic Party of Austria and a right-wing alliance headed by para-militaries.

15 July 1940. American Robert Wadlow died (aged 22). He’s the tallest person in recorded history. Wadlow's height was 8 feet 11.1 inches (2.72 m). A statue of Wadlow was erected opposite the Alton Museum of History and Art in 1986.

15 July 1948. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) opened its first branch in the UK in London. Its motto is to live life free of alcohol “One Day at a Time”. Members try to stay sober by meeting regularly in groups to help each other maintain sobriety.

15 July 1953. Serial killer John Christie (aged 54) was hanged an Pentonville Prison. He murdered at least 8 people, including his wife, Ethel by strangling them at his home at 10 Rillington Place, London. The murders were dramatised in the chilling film 10 Rillington Place.

15 July 1956. Ian Curtis was born in Stretford, Greater Manchester. He’s best known as the lead singer and lyricist of the post-punk band Joy Division and recorded 2 albums with the group: Unknown Pleasures and Closer.

15 July 1958. Julia Lennon (aged 44), the mother of John Lennon, was killed after being hit by a Standard Vanguard car driven by off duty policeman Eric Clague, who was a learner-driver, while she was crossing Menlove Avenue, Woolton, Liverpool.

15 July 1989. Football star Laurie Cunningham (aged 33) was killed in a car accident in Spain. He played for a number of clubs including West Brom and Leyton Orient and he was the 1st Englishman to play for Real Madrid.

15 July 1990. Margaret Lockwood, one of the most popular English actors of the 1940s, died (aged 73). Her films include: The Lady Vanishes, Night Train to Munich, The Man in Grey and The Wicked Lady.

15 July 1997. Gianni Versace (aged 50), the founder of Versace, a major international fashion house, was shot and killed by Andrew Cunanan, outside the front gate of his Casa Casuarina mansion in Miami, Florida. Cunanan had murdered 4 other men and committed suicide 8 days later.

15 July 2006. Twitter (now called “X”) was launched. It was created by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone and Evan Williams. It’s primarily used by older adults who might not have used other social sites before, with only 11 per cent of its users aged between 12 and 19.

15 July 2018. France beat Croatia 4-2 in the Men’s FIFA World Cup Final at the Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow. It was the highest-scoring final since 1966 and the highest-scoring 90-minute final since 1958. It was the 2nd French victory and they won all knockout matches in 90 mins.

UK No.1 on this day in 1975: Johnny Nash - Tears On My Pillow youtu.be/N8-D8CF4T_4?si… via YouTube

USA No.1 on this day in 1974: George McCrae - Rock Your Baby youtu.be/gutE8I0Tk3E?si… via YouTube

PHOTO OF THE DAY. The boxing and wrestling Carlson Twins. They were part of a touring circus side show in the USA (1925). 📷 google images