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The Caravan: The truth, in all its complexity. Become a subscriber today! caravanmagazine.in/subscribe Read the latest issue: caravanmagazine.in

The perils of escalation games are clear from game theory. Martin Shubik’s Dollar Auction Game is a particularly useful illustration of their tendency to have irrational outcomes. In this game, two players bid for a dollar in fixed increments of, say, ten cents. The highest

#Kenya | Edwin Ndeke began documenting waste workers such as Wairimu in 2023, amid a raging global conversation on climate change. That year, he attended the Africa Climate Summit, held in Kenya, and photographed waste pickers for The Guardian. As he continued reading about and

#Books | Once a person is transformed into a prisoner, the overwhelming feeling is that of helplessness. While there is no data available on the income profile of prisoners, the fact that nearly forty percent of the prison population, as of 2022, has a literacy profile below the

As far as an overhaul of the city’s infrastructure for cycling was concerned, Harshal Gajjar, an urban planner and a senior associate at the Indian Institute for Human Settlements, was not very optimistic. “All these maps and elevations look beautiful and help us visualise how

For months before the Pahalgam attack, the union government and Chhattisgarh security forces had also been carrying out counterinsurgency operations against people—whom the state labelled Maoists—living in the resource-rich forests spanning the borders of Chhattisgarh and

#OperationSindoor | The brief military confrontation did not end with a decisive military or diplomatic victory for either side. It underscored the dangers of escalation without clear political objectives. India’s retaliatory strikes following the Pahalgam attack were tactically

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The media deploys a simple narrative. The central villain is Pakistan—a familiar foe in Indian political discourse. The RSS, for decades, has used Pakistan as a dog whistle to also target Indian Muslims, a tactic that is now embraced by many more. Aiding them from within India,

#Kashmir | “The bodies of killed terrorists were always handed over to their family members in the past,” Avinash Mohananey, an Intelligence Bureau officer who was posted in Kashmir during the 2000s, said. “Even bodies of Pakistanis killed were handed over to local Auqaf

The First World War can plausibly be interpreted as a particularly tragic escalation game. As Herman Kahn, a leading advocate of “rational” nuclear strategy, wrote in one of his influential books, “The detailed ‘outbreak scenario’ of World War I would probably have been rejected

#OperationSindoor | The strikes were the first salvo in a tale of escalation without resolution, with each side claiming restraint and victory, even as the human, material and strategic costs are still being counted. India and Pakistan avoided a full-scale war, but the

#Kenya | Edwin Ndeke began documenting waste workers such as Wairimu in 2023, amid a raging global conversation on climate change. That year, he attended the Africa Climate Summit, held in Kenya, and photographed waste pickers for The Guardian. As he continued reading about and

#Books | Contextualising the Muslim prisoners’ writings within this systemic carceral helplessness is important, but the charges of terrorism call for a more focussed comparison with writings by those who have been accused of other political offences. How do these writings differ

Pedalling promises: Delhi’s struggles with cycling Rishab Gaur and Shanti B Gupta report: caravanmagazine.in/communities/de…

A day before India agreed to a ceasefire with Pakistan, the Coordination Committee for Peace, a national coalition of civil-society organisations and individuals, urged the government to declare ceasefire on its internal war against “its own citizens.” How the India–Pakistan

#OperationSindoor | By striking in close proximity to a nuclear storage site and causing significant damage to Pakistan’s air defences, India tested the premise that two nuclear powers can safely engage in limited conventional warfare. “We have laid clear red lines,” General Anil

Modi is the hero. He acts like it: he loves being photographed in military fatigues and flying fighter jets. His manner of speech is such that, when something can be given a positive spin, it is not the army that gets credit first, but Modi. Television anchors model themselves on

#Kashmir | Altaf’s body was kept in the car until the grave was dug. Then, he was buried with no rituals. Dilshada could not even see his face a single time. “You will cry and create a scene if we let you see his face,” a police officer had told her. Neither could Parveena,

"Dr. Strangelove" harps on the irrational factors with abandon. For instance, military decisions in the movie are often driven by the rich possibilities of sexual fantasy around nuclear weapons. It begins with aerial refuelling with a hint of lovemaking and ends with an equally